Bookkeeping vs accounting: Main differences | QuickBooks (2024)

To fully understand how responsibilities differ between an accountant and a bookkeeper, it’s important to know about the system of tasks—or the accounting cycle—every business must follow to generate accurate financial statements. A bookkeeper can manage most of these tasks, but an accountant takes them further by using those financial statements to offer valuable financial advice.

The primary steps of the accounting cycle are as follows:

1. Create a chart of accounts

A chart of accounts is a list of all of the accounts within your company that are recorded in the general ledger. There are four main sections to the chart of accounts, which primarily consists of:

  • Assets accounts: Anything you own that has value, like buildings, land, inventory, and vehicles.
  • Liability accounts: Payrolls taxes, bank loans, credit card balances, personal loans, and deferred tax liabilities.
  • Income accounts: Rental income, contra income, dividend income, and sales income.
  • Expense accounts: Advertising expenses, interest expenses, depreciation expenses, salaries or wages, and cost of sales.

A bookkeeper will complete these steps and use the chart of accounts to post every journal entry and financial transaction within the general ledger.

2. Maintain journal entries and the general ledger

The bookkeeper posts accounting transactions in the general ledger using documents such as receipts, invoices, and other records of business activity. The general ledger is a sheet that houses all accounting data and financial records within a business.

Bookkeepers also post transactions using journal entries that track all account activities.

A bookkeeper usually performs these steps, however, an accountant may step in to complete these tasks, or oversee them as they’re completed by the bookkeeper.

3. Generate the trial balance and adjust entries

Once the bookkeeper posts all transactions, the accountant generates a trial balance that lists all business accounts and balances. A trial balance may require adjustments and corrections using adjusting entries, which are necessary to comply with the accrual basis method of accounting required by the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Accountants will then use the updated trial balance to produce financial statements.

These steps require a more in-depth understanding of finances, so an accountant will typically perform them.

Note: Every step in the accounting cycle is performed at the end of each month and year. Without an accountant or bookkeeper, it’s up to the business owner to accomplish them on their own.

Bookkeeping vs accounting: Main differences | QuickBooks (2024)

FAQs

Bookkeeping vs accounting: Main differences | QuickBooks? ›

While accounting is similar to bookkeeping in that it involves documenting business financial transactions, the former process is more in-depth. It involves the summary, analysis, and interpretation of financial data. Accounting also involves reporting these findings to tax collectors and regulators.

What is the difference between accounting and bookkeeping answer? ›

In the simplest of terms, bookkeeping is responsible for the recording of financial transactions whereas accounting is responsible for interpreting, classifying, analyzing, reporting, and summarizing the financial data. Bookkeeping and accounting may appear to be the same profession to an untrained eye.

What is an important difference between bookkeepers and accountants? ›

Bookkeepers and accountants sometimes do the same work, but have a different skill set. In general, a bookkeeper's role is to record transactions and keep you financially organized, while accountants provide consultation, analysis, and are more qualified to advise on tax matters.

What is an important difference between bookkeepers and accountants quizlet? ›

A bookkeeper's job is to record transactions in the books of an entity. An accountant's job is to use the information given by bookkeepers to prepare financial statements.

Why is bookkeeping so often confused with accounting? ›

People often confuse the two professions because there is a lot of overlap. Both deal with finances and require understanding of financial data. Some people are trained to handle both bookkeeping and accounting, but not everyone is.

What are the similarities and differences between accounting and bookkeeping? ›

Bookkeeping and accounting are essential functions for every business. Bookkeeping refers to recording Financial transactions. On the other hand, accounting is for interpreting, classifying, analyzing, reporting, and summarizing those financial transactions.

What are the golden rules of accounting? ›

Quick Summary. Every economic entity must present accurate financial information. To achieve this, the entity must follow three Golden Rules of Accounting: Debit all expenses/Credit all income; Debit receiver/Credit giver; and Debit what comes in/Credit what goes out.

What are the five differences between bookkeeping and accounting? ›

While bookkeeping is all about recording of financial transactions, accounting deals with the interpretation, analysis, classification, reporting and summarization of the financial data of a business.

What can an accountant do that a bookkeeper can t? ›

5 Things Accountants Do That Bookkeepers Don't

Providing tax advice: A bookkeeper may help produce tax documents, but they don't have the detailed tax code knowledge to provide tax advisory, conduct tax planning, and file annual tax returns.

Does a bookkeeper need more accounting skills than an accountant? ›

While there are certain similarities and overlaps between the two, there are distinctions that set these two roles apart. Bookkeepers don't necessarily need higher education in order to work in their field while accountants can be more specialized in their training. Another key difference is their pay scale.

What is the difference between accounting and bookkeeping Quora? ›

Bookkeeping is the process of recording daily financial transactions, while accounting involves interpreting and analyzing financial information to provide insights and guidance for decision-making.

Do I need both a bookkeeper and an accountant? ›

If you've ever asked yourself, do I need an accountant or a bookkeeper or both? There's a very simple answer … Eventually you'll need both and they should work in unison for the success of your business.

Why do accountants not like QuickBooks? ›

QuickBooks automation is limited

Although QuickBooks does have some automation features, they are often limited and may not work the way you expect them to. If you're looking for an accounting software that will automate most of your bookkeeping tasks, QuickBooks is probably not the right fit for your business.

Can a bookkeeper prepare financial statements? ›

Yes, a bookkeeper can prepare basic financial statements. These statements, such as the income statement and the balance sheet, are derived from the regular bookkeeping work they perform, like recording daily transactions and ensuring all financial data is accurate and current.

What is the difference between a bookkeeper and an accounting clerk? ›

There's a difference in the size of company where these professionals work; bookkeepers tend to work in smaller companies and take on a larger role than accounting clerks who often perform a more specialized role.

What comes first accounting or bookkeeping? ›

Key Takeaways. The job titles bookkeeper and accountant are used interchangeably but are distinct and have different requirements. Bookkeeping is where accountants generally start their careers as the barriers to entry are lower and pay is decent.

What pays more accounting or bookkeeping? ›

Salaries are typically based on education, certification, years of experience, credentials, industry or employer, job description, location, and complexity of work. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for 2021, the national average salary for bookkeepers was $45,560 and for accountants was $77,250.

What is the function of bookkeeping? ›

Bookkeeping involves the recording, on a regular basis, of a company's financial transactions. With proper bookkeeping, companies are able to track all information on its books to make key operating, investing, and financing decisions. Bookkeepers are individuals who manage all financial data for companies.

What is book keeping and example? ›

Bookkeeping is the process of tracking and recording a business's financial transactions. These business activities are recorded based on the company's accounting principles and supporting documentation. Examples of these documents include: Bills.

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