How Blue Light Can Affect Your Health (2024)

Scrolling and swiping on social media. Watching TV. Reading work reports on your laptop.

It’s safe to say most of us spend a lot of time staring at screens. And that can be bad for our eyes. Blue light from electronics is linked to problems like blurry vision, eyestrain, dry eye, macular degeneration,and cataracts. Some people have sleep issues. Here’s what you need to know.

What Is Blue Light?

It’s one of several colors in the visible light spectrum. The others are:

  • Red
  • Orange
  • Yellow
  • Green
  • Blue
  • Indigo
  • Violet

You may know them by the acronym ROY G BIV. Together, they make the white light you see when the sun -- the main source of blue light -- is shining. Fluorescent and LED (light-emitting diode) light bulbs also give off blue light.

Each color in the visible light spectrum has a different wavelength and energy level. Blue light has shorter wavelengths and higher energy than other colors. Some research shows a link between eye damage and short-wave blue light with wavelengths between 415 and 455 nanometers. Most of the light from the LEDs used in smartphones, TVs, and tablets has wavelengths between 400 and 490 nanometers.

Blue Light and Your Eyes

In large amounts, high-energy light from the sun -- like ultraviolet rays and blue light -- can boost your risk of eye disease. That’s raised concerns about whether blue light from digital screens is harmful. More research is needed.

Experts think digital eyestrain, or computer vision syndrome, affects about 50% of computer users. Symptoms include dry, irritated eyes and blurred vision.

Blue light may also damage your retinas. That’s called phototoxicity. The amount of damage depends on wavelength and exposure time. Animal studies show even short exposure (a few minutes to several hours) may be harmful. A filter that cuts 94% of blue light has been shown to lessen damage.

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There’s evidence blue light could lead to permanent vision changes. Almost all blue light passes straight through to the back of your retina. Some research has shown blue light may increase the risk of macular degeneration, a disease of the retina.

Research shows blue light exposure may lead to age-related macular degeneration, or AMD. One study found blue light triggered the release of toxic molecules in photoreceptor cells. This causes damage that may lead to AMD.

Blue Light and Sleep

Screen time, especially at night, is linked to poor sleep. The blue light from electronic devices messes with your circadian rhythm, or sleep cycle. It signals your brain to wake up when it should be winding down. In one study, as little as 2 hours of exposure to blue light at night slowed or stopped release of the sleep hormone melatonin. Powering down your digital devices at least 3 hours before bedtime can help.

Blue Light and Cancer

Blue light exposure might raise your risk for certain cancers. One study found that people who work the night shift are at greater risk for breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers.

Blue Light and Kids

Your child’s eyes don’t filter blue light as well as yours do. Too much of it from device screens may raise their chances of developing obesity, nearsightedness, and attention focusing issues. At night, it may cause their body to release melatonin even more slowly than it does yours. To protect their eyes, limit your child’s screen time. And have them put all electronic devices, including handheld game devices,away at least a half hour before bedtime.

Blue Light and Mental Health

Nighttime exposure to blue light was linked to depressive symptoms in animal studies. But exposure to blue light during the day may have the opposite effect. It’s been used to treat seasonal affective disorder, or SAD. That’s a form of depression related to the changing of the seasons. Research shows 20 minutes of blue light exposure in the morning helps ease SAD symptoms.

How Blue Light Can Affect Your Health (2024)

FAQs

How Blue Light Can Affect Your Health? ›

Exposure to blue light during daytime hours helps maintain a healthful circadian rhythm. Too much exposure to blue light late at night (through smart phones, tablets, and computers) can disturb the wake and sleep cycle, leading to problems sleeping and daytime tiredness.

How does blue light affect health? ›

Constant exposure to blue light over time could damage retinal cells and cause vision problems such as age-related macular degeneration. It can also contribute to cataracts, eye cancer and growths on the clear covering over the white part of the eye.

What are the symptoms of too much blue light? ›

It's safe to say most of us spend a lot of time staring at screens. And that can be bad for our eyes. Blue light from electronics is linked to problems like blurry vision, eyestrain, dry eye, macular degeneration, and cataracts. Some people have sleep issues.

What is blue light and how does it affect your skin? ›

Long-term exposure to concentrated sources of blue light energy can cause skin damage, including uneven tone, inflammation and weakening of the skin's surface (4). Simply put, blue light promotes stressors in skin that cause photoaging; that is, aging from exposure to light (5).

What does blue light do to your brain? ›

Light from electronic screens comes in all colors, but the blues are the worst. Blue light fools the brain into thinking it's daytime. When that happens, the body stops releasing a sleep hormone called melatonin. Melatonin is nature's way of helping us wind down and prepare for bed.

Does blue light affect mental health? ›

Blue light exposure is an important issue to consider when it comes to our mental health. Too much screen time can negatively impact our emotional well-being, leading to depression, anxiety, and sleep problems. Fortunately, we can reduce blue light exposure and maintain our mental health in several ways.

Is it bad to wear blue light all the time? ›

Blue light glasses, which aim to block the blue light waves, claim to improve sleep and reduce digital eye strain. Wearing blue light glasses isn't harmful to your eyes, so you could wear them all day if you wanted, but it may not eliminate digital eye strain entirely.

Can blue light make me sick? ›

This is why fluorescent and LED lights, computer and smartphone screens, and sunlight consistently make the list of top triggers for light-sensitive persons. Even for healthy individuals, short-wavelength blue light led to motion sickness and more severe nausea, especially with repeated exposure.

Can blue light cause brain fog? ›

It can make it difficult to perform tasks at work, have conversations and make up your mind. What causes brain fog? Lack of sleep, poor sleep hygiene or blue light exposure before bed can all contribute to brain fog.

Can you recover from blue light damage? ›

If research proves that blue light damages the retina and macula, the eye conditions that develop as a result are generally irreversible. Treatments can only delay vision impairments or improve vision to only some extent and stop these eye conditions from worsening.

Does blue light age you? ›

In addition to sleep issues, blue light can also cause skin cell damage. There isn't an exact amount of blue light that is known to cause skin cell damage. However, research does show that being exposed to 12 hours a day of blue light is likely to accelerate aging, possibly even with skin cell damage.

Does blue light affect sleep? ›

Among the visible light spectrum, blue wavelengths have the most powerful effect on your sleep-wake internal body clock. Both natural and artificial blue light can boost your alertness and mental sharpness. But too much of it may keep you awake when your body needs to wind down. Block out light to get good sleep.

What does blue light do to your teeth? ›

Studies show that blue light is an excellent activation agent for hydrogen peroxide, the cleaning agent in tooth whitening systems like Zoom!, giving your teeth a deeper clean in less time.

How does blue light affect memory? ›

Cajochen et al. then examined participants' working memory and found enhanced performance in those who were exposed to the LED blue-lit screen. Overall, these findings further reveal the potential of blue light to improve memory. Ultimately, blue light may enhance working memory, attentiveness, and facilitate learning.

Can blue light affect focus? ›

In sustained attention task reaction time of LED screen participants was slower than blue light filter screen participants. Therefore, blue light exposure disrupts the ability to focus on a single task.

Does blue light cause fatigue? ›

Too much exposure to blue light late at night (through smart phones, tablets, and computers) can disturb the wake and sleep cycle, leading to problems sleeping and daytime tiredness. Not enough exposure to sunlight in children could affect the growth and development of the eyes and vision.

Is it bad to sleep with a blue light on? ›

More so than any other color, blue light messes with your body's ability to prepare for sleep because it blocks a hormone called melatonin that makes you sleepy. Bottom line: You're less drowsy than usual at night, and it takes you longer to fall asleep.

Do blue light glasses actually work? ›

While blue light blocking glasses are effective at reducing the amount of blue light that enter the eyes, there is no current research to suggest that this can improve or protect the health of your eyes. Put simply, there is no scientifically-proven benefit of wearing blue light blocking glasses for your eye health.

Does blue light cause cell damage? ›

Studies have shown that blue light is able to cause ultrastructural damage and mitochondria-dependent cell death in lipofuscin-free RPE cells (23, 24, 25), which suggests that other chromophores, rather than lipofuscin, in the RPE cells mediate these light effects.

Is a blue light filter good for eyes? ›

Using a blue light filter can have several benefits. It can help reduce eye strain, eye fatigue, and dryness caused by staring at screens for extended periods.

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